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Peter Trudgill

The hidden Swedish voices of the Baltic

Small communities across Finland, Estonia and even Ukraine keep the Swedish language alive in unexpected corners of Europe

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My relationship to my flesh and blood

An examination of other languages from around the world shows us that ownership can be signalled in rather more complicated ways

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Weybourne Hope, the guardian of England

The village is said to be the only place along the English east coast where an enemy navy could approach within a few hundred yards

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The myth of England’s monocultural past

The idea England ever spoke no languages other than English is a fantasy with no foundation in reality

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The joy of nominative determinism

Can an alignment of names and occupations ever have involved more than just simple coincidence?

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The many roles of hard-working morphemes

Morphemes are the building blocks essential for the composition of words

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A French connection in the American midwest

How 17th-century French pronunciation was taken across the Atlantic Ocean from northern and western France to North America

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The wright way to signify your trade

Where does the common name Wright come from? The answer has its roots in work

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When learning languages becomes a stress test

Our English orthography gives no assistance at all to help readers tell where the emphasis should be placed

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Why tennis still speaks medieval French

The sport’s familiar – but often baffling – terminology has its origins in Anglo-Norman instructions, Old French numbers and Arabic palms

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The perils of diplomacy in a second language

How many native English speakers would be entirely comfortable conducting a press conference in some language other than their own?

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Who knew algorithms had been around so long?

The word algorithm would appear at first sight to come into the same Arabic-loan category as algebra, and it does indeed have an origin in the Arabic language

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A generous interpretation of an ancient practice

The one French word my Mum knew was largesse, which can be translated into English as “generosity”. But why did she, and other country children of her generation?

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The Gaelic roots of a French football star

Sandy Baltimore’s name has surprising links to Gaelic-speaking Ireland, colonial plantations and Caribbean migrations

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Guadalcanal, the Spanish village that became a Pacific battlefield

The etymology of the name of the Spanish village, and thus of the island, is of considerable linguistic interest

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Why does English have Tchaikovsky off to a tee?

We usually transliterate the composer's name so as to have it beginning with the letter T. But why?

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We’ve been living in a fantasy world for centuries

The meanings of fancy and fantasy have diverged rather considerably over the centuries, just as the spellings have also changed

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Becoming vexed by vanishing vocabulary

Spelling pronunciations in general are steadily becoming part of our linguistic landscape

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The long forgotten words that live on undercover

Though the word ‘swain’ may itself be obsolete in English today, there are still traces of it hanging around in our modern English language

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Are Reform UK ‘dumb’ or just plain stupid?

The party’s ex-chair used the word ‘dumb’ to describe a colleague’s comments. But the word is usually employed in Britain to mean ‘unable to speak’

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Ange Postecoglou: a moving family history

The Australian football manager's name tells of his family’s history of relocating

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Claret: clearly not French

Claret really is an English word, not French. The best French translation of English claret is probably vin rouge de Bordeaux.

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When deft turned daft: the mysteries of semantic shift

How can it be that if we go far enough back in the history of the English language, these two words were originally one and the same word?

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A weak and feeble woman

Why did Queen Elizabeth I, in her famous speech at Tilbury in 1588, use two words with almost identical meanings to describe herself?

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When the Great Heathen Army came to Norfolk

A large Scandinavian Viking army landed on the East Anglian coast in 865, giving places names which remain to this day

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Why learning language is child’s play

Children have an innate ability to learn foreign accents that is lost as they grow up... but is it always an advantage?

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Going ballistic in the Balearics

The original inhabitants of the popular Mediterranean archipelago were renowned for their use of catapults and slingshots as weapons

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Heathens and pagans

Both terms were applied to people living in rural settings, outside urban Christian religious communities

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Trump’s war on language

A respected linguistic society has hit back at Donald Trump’s attempt to make the US a monolingual country

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Reaching out to loved ones

Is the increasing influence of American linguistic usages in Britain making us stiff-upper-lip types more ‘touchy-feely’?

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Never have I heard such nonsense

The relationship of English to the Germanic language family meant that we once used the ‘verb-second rule’, now only rarely used

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An evocative call to arms

While English does not use the vocative case, many other languages do

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