Great Lives

Internment provided the German the perfect conditions to develop the exercise regimes that would make his name famous

For all his unorthodox methods and opinions, Breton never lost a desire to create and foster an entirely new mentality

Patti soared to fame pre-radio and pre-gramophone, making her stardom all the more impressive

During the second world war, the nobleman negotiated the release of tens of thousands of prisoners from German concentration camps

Toulouse-Lautrec was an aristocrat who recognised in the outliers of society a shared vulnerable otherness

Eclipsed by contemporaries like Garbo and Dietrich, it’s difficult today to appreciate just what a presence Baclanova was in her heyday

Through hard work and determination the actress forged an exalted presence in the French screen canon

To the end, the German remained convinced that revolution was in the best interests of the people

Few writers have been able to distil the world’s most complex themes and turn them into absorbing fiction as well as Conrad

Few directors have mined their internal anguish and lived experience as deeply as Bergman

Whatever her outlet, the Spanish writer always derived immense pleasure from reactions to her work and never lost her gratitude

Born into privilege she may have been, but Anastasia’s short life and awful death remain one of the great tragedies of the 20th century

Sold as the most exciting thing to come out of Europe since the Sex Pistols, his hedonistic lifestyle halted his momentum

For all life threw at her, the writer never lost the last sliver of an innocence battered irreparably by events outside her control

With his “music that doesn't disturb” the German became one of the biggest-selling recording artists in Europe

The overriding atmosphere of Loti’s output is one of a lost innocence, a yearning nostalgia for a world before the corrupting influence of Europe

So significant was her contribution to Italian film that it led to the addition of a word to the Italian dictionary: borellismo

Wherever she went, the breakout role which made her name always seemed to be at her shoulder

The Austrian’s life was defined by a single event lasting 55 seconds

Nightmares were the business of Hans Ruedi Giger, who drew on his own to create surrealist art – and the creature at the heart of Alien

The German was behind some of the greatest war images ever taken by some of the best news photographers ever to wield a Leica

The Dutch cyclist should have fallen to his death after tumbling into a 1,000-foot ravine during the 1951 Tour de France, but emerged in miraculously good shape

The Red Baron shot down a total of 80 allied aircraft in a flying career that made his name immortal both in aerial combat and the history of aviation itself

John Huston and Jean-Paul Sartre came together to create a film based on the life of Sigmund Freud, but the project was scuppered by irreconcilable creative differences

The German-born artist created his melancholy and nightmarish Europe After the Rain II during the most frightening and uncertain period of his own life

The diminutive Italian actress, star of La Strada and Nights of Cabiria, was more than a match for her husband, director Federico Fellini, on and off set

She was that rarest of dancers, one who could apparently transcend physics and the limitations of the human body

The remarkable career of the Spanish republican soldier who stumbled into the film industry

After decades of success in the US and Europe, the Russian composer suffered an ignominious demise in 1950s Moscow

The Ukrainian-American was forward thinking in his willingness to combine art with the world of science and engineering

He was born into a farming family, but it was always the agricultural machinery rather than the land itself that fascinated the young Ferruccio

Some credited him for paving the way for the nouvelle vague, but the Frenchman seemed to be content being known for his wives