Great Lives

The relationship between Jean Marais and Jean Cocteau was one of the great romances of 20th-century European culture

What he saw as the blandness of tradition bore little or no resemblance to the world he knew and the art he wanted to create

Graham was one of the most high-profile critics of Reagan’s visit to Bitburg. It was personal

The Frenchman won seven Grand Slam singles titles in the 1920s before becoming an innovator in the world of sportswear and tennis equipment

The biggest-selling Portuguese music artist in history was instrumental in popularising the fado genre worldwide

The trailblazing French actress defied Hollywood’s ageism to win an Academy Award for Room at the Top

A combination of deep thinking, a fascination with the everyday and a playful wit produced some of the most groundbreaking fiction of the 20th century

The Frenchman relished each project with its opportunity for reinvention, presenting a new challenge each time

One of the first women of celebrity in the modern sense of the word, Elisabeth of Austria was a gifted, vibrant woman imprisoned by contemporary etiquette

The director emerged from a well-trodden European emigration narrative to become a Zelig-like figure in the early history of modern popular culture

Few things in music sound more like the punchline to a joke than a millionaire mouth organist, but Thielemans forged a brilliantly idiosyncratic path

Brecht lived through some of Europe’s darkest times yet still produced some of the 20th century’s boldest, most influential and epoch-defining theatre

With his gramophone recordings, the Italian transcended the closed world of performance to become a global phenomenon

He was only truly fulfilled when either in the air or writing about being in the air

‘The Gay Girl from Gaul’ had a brief, traumatic – and wet – experience of stardom

With an eye for the smallest detail as well as the big picture, Trump became a vital driving force of the family business empire

The advent of sound signalled the end of the silent movie star's career

The German-American science writer had an ability to straddle effortlessly the worlds of advanced engineering and mass popular culture

Ingrid Bergman said the German possessed more charm in his little finger than most men had in their whole body

Ligeti’s rigorous antipathy to ideology was maintained throughout his life and extended way beyond his music

Before Segovia, the guitar was not an instrument to be taken seriously. In a matter of minutes, everything changed

Four days after surviving a huge crash, his love of being behind the wheel was too strong to resist

Whether she had an actual gun in her hand or not, art became her weapon, a noisy defence against the world and an instrument of her reckoning with the past

He arrived in America pretending to be the son of an Austrian count but became one of early cinema’s most adventurous and meticulous directors

The Italian revolutionised children’s education and established the schools that carry her name all over the world to this day

Whatever and wherever he played, his deep feeling for the music made the instrument seem like an extension of him

The Italian will be forever remembered for a wordless walk in a Viennese cemetery

A dream provided an epitaph inadvertently appropriate for a man who spent his life producing art and literature that shocked and appalled the unsuspecting

Even for all her success and the wealth that came with it, Valadon’s bohemianism remained undiminished

Finesse, sensuality and richness are what Debussy brought to a staid musical world unprepared for such an emphatic upending of form and technique

To the Dutchman commercial art was just as fulfilling as something more purely creative – and it came with a wage

A barely concealed desire for the old Russian empire would infuse his work but even this did not preclude Stalin’s tacit admiration